ABSTRACT
In recent years， as people's diets have changed and diversified， the incidence of dental arthritis has increased year by year， seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. Therefore， the prevention and treatment of dental arthritis should be emphasized. To further study the pathogenesis of dental arthritis and the development and screening of therapeutic drugs， this paper summarized and analyzed the modeling methods， mechanisms， as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the existing animal models of dental arthritis. The clinical diagnostic criteria of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and western medicine was established， and the compatibility of TCM and western medicine anastomosis in animal models was evaluated. The results showed that the gel perfusion model had a good match between TCM and western medicine， with simple operation and short cycle. By combining the pathogenic factors of TCM and western medicine， the models of kidney deficiency and stomach heat with kidney deficiency in TCM were obtained， which fully reflected the clinical syndrome characteristics of TCM and western medicine， thus simulating the pathogenesis of human natural dental arthritis. Besides， ligation line model， as the most commonly-used animal model of dental arthritis with a good match to western medicine， was mature and highly repeatable， and had a high success rate. Ligation line model was widely used in various periodontal disease studies， but it did not involve the pathogenic factors of TCM. The current animal model of dental arthritis is given priority to western medicine disease model， and the combination of disease and model is rare， which cannot meet the requirements of the syndrome characteristics of TCM. Only an animal model of dental arthritis with TCM syndrome that conforms to the clinical syndrome characteristics effectively assists to study the nature of TCM syndrome and develop innovative Chinese medicine. Therefore， the establishment of an accurate and standardized animal model of dental arthritis combined with TCM and western medicine is still the focus of future study on the pathogenesis of dental arthritis. This study is intended to provide a certain basis for the discovery， screening， and evaluation of medicines for the treatment of dental arthritis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the distribution of Salmonella in external environment in Henan province,and explore the distribution of different serotypes of the Salmonella and their homology.Methods A total of 4 488 samples were collected form animal dung,meat products and kitchen utensils,and identified by biochemical tests and serotyped by serum agglutination reaction.The predominant serotypes were further typed by PFGE.Results A total of 324 Salmonella strains were detected in these samples,the detection rate was 7.21％.The 324 Salmonella isolates belonged to 39 serotypes,S.enteritidis (24.07％,78/324) and S.derby (20.37％,66/324) were predominant.Forty six strains ofS.enteritidis and 30 strains of S.derby were divided into 12 and 17 molecular patterns by digestion with Xba Ⅰ,while chicken and swine were the predominant animal hosts.Conclusions Serotyping of external environment Salmonella were phenotypically diverse and the serotype of Salmonella from different sources were different.The same clone was prevalent in same area.It is necessary to strengthen supervision and surveillance to ensure food safety.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the infection status of human rotavirus,calicivirus,astrovirus and enteric adenovirus in children aged ＜5 years in disease surveillance areas in Henan province from 2013 to 2015.Methods A total of 880 stool samples were collected from four sentinel hospitals and group A rotavirus was detected by ELISA and group A rotavirus G/P genotyping was performed with nested multiplex RT-PCR,while rotavirus (group B,C),calicivirus and astrovirus were detected by two-step multiplex RT-PCR and adenovirus were detected by PCR.The epidemiological data of positive cases were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 594 positive samples were detected,including 24 mixed infection samples,370 rotavirus positive samples (42.0％);162 calicivirus positive samples (18.4％);69 astrovirus positive samples (7.8％) and 17 enteric adenovirus positive samples (1.9％).The overall positive rate of four viruses was significantly higher in urban area than in rural area,but the positive rate of rotavirus was higher in males than in females and in younger age group than in older age group.G9P [8] was the major genotype of group A rotavirus,there were two seasonal infection peaks in autumn and spring.Norovirus Ⅱ was the predominant type of calicivirus and the infection peak was in spring.Viral diarrhea cases were distributed in different age groups,mainly in age groups 0-12 months (rotavirus) and 3-5 years (calicivirus).The main clinical symptoms included fever,diarrhea and vomiting.The etiological characteristics differed with gender and area.Conclusions The infection rate of diarrheal viruses was higher in young children ＜5 years old in disease surveillance areas.The epidemiological and clinical features varied with the type of pathogen.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the distribution of Salmonella in external environment in Henan province,and explore the distribution of different serotypes of the Salmonella and their homology.Methods A total of 4 488 samples were collected form animal dung,meat products and kitchen utensils,and identified by biochemical tests and serotyped by serum agglutination reaction.The predominant serotypes were further typed by PFGE.Results A total of 324 Salmonella strains were detected in these samples,the detection rate was 7.21％.The 324 Salmonella isolates belonged to 39 serotypes,S.enteritidis (24.07％,78/324) and S.derby (20.37％,66/324) were predominant.Forty six strains ofS.enteritidis and 30 strains of S.derby were divided into 12 and 17 molecular patterns by digestion with Xba Ⅰ,while chicken and swine were the predominant animal hosts.Conclusions Serotyping of external environment Salmonella were phenotypically diverse and the serotype of Salmonella from different sources were different.The same clone was prevalent in same area.It is necessary to strengthen supervision and surveillance to ensure food safety.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the infection status of human rotavirus,calicivirus,astrovirus and enteric adenovirus in children aged ＜5 years in disease surveillance areas in Henan province from 2013 to 2015.Methods A total of 880 stool samples were collected from four sentinel hospitals and group A rotavirus was detected by ELISA and group A rotavirus G/P genotyping was performed with nested multiplex RT-PCR,while rotavirus (group B,C),calicivirus and astrovirus were detected by two-step multiplex RT-PCR and adenovirus were detected by PCR.The epidemiological data of positive cases were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 594 positive samples were detected,including 24 mixed infection samples,370 rotavirus positive samples (42.0％);162 calicivirus positive samples (18.4％);69 astrovirus positive samples (7.8％) and 17 enteric adenovirus positive samples (1.9％).The overall positive rate of four viruses was significantly higher in urban area than in rural area,but the positive rate of rotavirus was higher in males than in females and in younger age group than in older age group.G9P [8] was the major genotype of group A rotavirus,there were two seasonal infection peaks in autumn and spring.Norovirus Ⅱ was the predominant type of calicivirus and the infection peak was in spring.Viral diarrhea cases were distributed in different age groups,mainly in age groups 0-12 months (rotavirus) and 3-5 years (calicivirus).The main clinical symptoms included fever,diarrhea and vomiting.The etiological characteristics differed with gender and area.Conclusions The infection rate of diarrheal viruses was higher in young children ＜5 years old in disease surveillance areas.The epidemiological and clinical features varied with the type of pathogen.